Vali Golmohammadi; Tahereh Jamshidi
Abstract
This article studies the transformation of Israel’s Security-Defense Doctrine in order to understand the framework of the cyber capabilities in shaping Israel’s new deterrence strategy against internal and external threats. Restrictions of geographical location in the turbulent Middle East, ...
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This article studies the transformation of Israel’s Security-Defense Doctrine in order to understand the framework of the cyber capabilities in shaping Israel’s new deterrence strategy against internal and external threats. Restrictions of geographical location in the turbulent Middle East, a lack of strategic depth, and vulnerabilities due to the asymmetry of the elements of national power against enemies and neighbors push Israel to avoid classical warfare and use the unconventional deterrence tools and new defense doctrine. In the context of cyber deterrence assumptions, this article introduces the basic idea that Israel has made targeted investments in developing cyber-deterrence capabilities by redefining its security-defense deterrence tools. The cyber deterrence strategy has expanded the scope of Israel's response to national security threats beyond its borders and significantly reduced the environmental vulnerability of internal threats. Accordingly, the transition from conventional military tools to unconventional tools persuades Israel to formulate national security strategies centered on cyber capabilities to meet new threats. The military vulnerability to Palestinian Resistance Groups in the recent war has shown that in the face of a more serious challenge like Iran, military warfare is not a viable option for Israel, and cyber deterrence is predicted to have a special place in Israel's Security-Defense Doctrine in the future.
golmohammadi vali; Amir Hossein Vazirian
Abstract
Amidst the systematic shift in a global context and decline in the U.S hegemony in particular, the Middle East is in a transition from a post-Cold War American order to some kind of multilateral (dis)order, where has left more room for regional powers outmaneuvering in the changing regional geopolitics. ...
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Amidst the systematic shift in a global context and decline in the U.S hegemony in particular, the Middle East is in a transition from a post-Cold War American order to some kind of multilateral (dis)order, where has left more room for regional powers outmaneuvering in the changing regional geopolitics. In this context, Iran as a revolutionary and revisionist state has sought to challenge the liberal international order and maximize its regional influence by adopting an asymmetric strategy. In contrast, the U.S along with its regional allies has pursued the policy of maximum pressure in order to change the regional balance of power against Iran. However, the US containment strategy has not been able to undermine Iran's active regional role playing. The main question is what strategy has Iran used to maintain its position and power in the face of maximum pressure from the United States and its regional allies, and to have increasing influence? The hypothesis of this paper is that in the face of maximum pressure from the United States, the Islamic Republic of Iran has chosen the policy of Anti-containment as its main strategy. The policy, implemented through "asymmetric deterrence", has been implemented in three forms: the use of proxy groups, missile capability enhancement and naval deterrence. It is necessary to mention that this research will examine the research hypothesis in the form of descriptive-analytical method
